Neuroma

A neuroma is a benign (non-cancerous) growth or thickening of nerve tissue that usually develops after a nerve has been irritated, injured, or compressed. It can cause pain, tingling, burning sensations, or numbness in the affected area.

One of the most common types is a Morton’s neuroma, which occurs between the bones of the foot, often between the third and fourth toes. Other neuromas can develop in different parts of the body where nerves have been damaged, such as after surgery or trauma.

A neuroma forms when nerve fibers attempt to heal after injury but grow in a disorganized way, creating a swollen or thickened nerve bundle. This abnormal growth can lead to irritation and increased sensitivity in the surrounding area.

Symptoms vary depending on the location but often include sharp or burning pain, a feeling of a “bump” or pebble inside the shoe (in foot neuromas), tingling, or electric shock-like sensations. Symptoms may worsen with activity, pressure, or tight footwear.

Diagnosis is usually made through a physical examination and patient history. Imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI may be used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions.

Treatment depends on severity and may include wearing wider shoes, using orthotic inserts, anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, or physical therapy. In persistent or severe cases, surgical removal of the neuroma or decompression of the affected nerve may be considered.

Overall, neuromas are typically manageable conditions, and many patients experience significant relief with appropriate conservative or surgical treatment.